Entreprenuership and Innovation BUS7001 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Entreprenuership and Innovation BUS7001 - Essay Example The question that needs to be asked should therefore centre on how to create a competitive urge over competitors. This is for now, what the present report seeks to achieve by analysing all factors that centre on the product and the market so as to put the product in a better position to penetrate the market (Aldrich and Weiss, 2001). A lot of research will also be done on the product involved so as to establish the key strengths of the product that needs to be built upon and some weaknesses that need to be improved. An assessment of the factors in the marketplace into which you suggest the product could be sold Sale in universities and other educational institutions where students have daily demand for cooking There are several factors on the prevailing market that suggest that the product cold easily be sold. One of such factors has to do with the fact that there are at every point in time, students in various universities and colleges who are in hostels and have regular demand for cooking. These students are not fed by the school and thus have to depend on their own provision for food (Aldrich, 2009). With growing concern for the need to stay healthy in one’s eating habit also, the likelihood that these students will resort to ready-cooked food is also minimal. This therefore means that a lot of these students will have to cook for themselves. Again, considering the fact that there is an ever growing student population in our country, one thing remains clear and that is, the product will certainly have a very large customer base among the students if the university cooking factor is considered critically. Another factor within the university factor that makes the product very viable and suitable for the university population is that students do not have much time for activities like cooking and are therefore always looking for avenues that will make cooking fast and less involving – something that this new product can easily give them (Bender, 2 000). Sale in places where the use of electricity as the source of energy as compared to gas is seen to be cheaper and easily accessible. Another important factor that suggests that the product will easily sell on the marketplace has to do with the every growing concern for the need to use electricity as a preferred source of energy instead of gas. It would be noted that gas has for long remained the major supply of energy for most homes in developed and developing worlds. However, the risks involved are fast being calculated by scientists and other experts. Some of these include pollution, degradation of the environment, greenhouse effect and dangers of causing fire (Birley and Westhead, 2004). With such concerns, the focus has now shifted to the use of electricity. Knowing that the new product is powered by electricity, the company has an advantage and potential in selling the product in places where the use of electricity as the source of energy is regarded as safer and environme ntally friendly option. Even more, electricity continues to be a cheaper source of energy as compared to gas and other forms of energy for powering cooking devices like

First Language and Learning English Essay Example for Free

First Language and Learning English Essay Language is the most dynamic form of symbolism that cultures possesses. Language is the medium in which people interact and communicate for the exchange of ideas, knowledge and feelings. Language acquisition has been one of the most intriguing aspects of human nature and had been the focus of different disciplines. For the most part, language acquisition had been theorized and conceptualized in different ways all of which was to determine where language came from and how it developed. On the other hand, the multicultural aspect and globalization of our society have made it almost a necessity to learn English as the most favored international language. Most educational curriculums in the world integrate the learning of English as a second language especially in areas where the first or native language is structurally different from English (Gitsaki, 1998). According to Krashen’s (1981) model of second language acquisition â€Å"acquired and learned languages are different†. Language acquisition is a subconscious process brought about by the meaningful interaction of the individual with the target language while learning a language is a conscious process which results in conscious knowledge about the language (Krashen, 1981, p. 103). Learning a second language is a complex process that can be affected by different factors, one of the most leading issue is that of how first language affects the teaching of English as a foreign language in the classroom. Several researches have reported that first language proficiency strongly predicts English language learning (Clay, 1993; Snow, Burns, Griffin, 1998), moreover, a strong correlation between first language fluency and learning English was also reported (Hiebert, Pearson, Taylor, Richardson, and Paris, 1998). Children who have to learn a second language generally have to use first language in comprehension and analysis of the information exchanged in the second language. Therefore the impact of first language to learning a second language can be facilitative while it can also interfere with learning a second language such as English (Bialystok, 2002). This literature review would present what has been known about the role of the first language in learning English as a second language in the context of classroom learning as well as how teachers can effectively use the first language to the teaching of English. This exercise would also discuss the theoretical framework, the research methods and the strengths and weaknesses of the presented literature. Appendix Auerbach, E. (1993). Reexamining English only in the ESL classroom. TESOL Quarterly, 27(1). Bialystok, E. (2002). Cognitive processes of L2 users. In V. Cook (Ed. ), Portrait of the L2 user (pp. 147-165). New York: Multilingual Matters. Burden, P. (2000). The use of the students mother tongue in monolingual English ‘conversation’ classes at Japanese universities. TLT Online Editor. Retrieved May 12, 2008, from http://www. jalt-publications. org/tlt/articles/2000/06/burden Clay, M. (1993). Reading Recovery in English and other Languages. Keynote address presented at the West Coast Literacy Conference, Palm Springs, CA Cummins, J. (2000). Language, power and pedagogy: Bilingual children in the crossfire. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters. Cummins, J. (2001). Bilingual children’s mother tongue: Why is it important for education? Retrieved May 12, 2008, from http://www. oise. utoronto. ca/MLC/MotherTongueDK. pdf Garcia, G. E. (2000). Bilingual childrens reading. In M. Kamil, P. Mosenthal, D. Pearson, R. Barr (Eds. ), Handbook of reading research Volume III (pp. 163-179). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Giacobbe, J. (1992). A cognitive view of the role of L1 in the L2 acquisition process. Second Language Research, 8; 3, 232-250. Gitsaki, C. (1998) Second Language Acquisition Theories: Overview and Evaluation. Journal of Communication and International Studies 4; 2:89-98. Hamers, J. Blanc, M. (2000). Bilinguality and bilingualism 2nd ed. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Marcus Garvey :: Essays Papers

Marcus Garvey Historians familiar with Garvey's career generally regard him as the preeminent symbol of the insurgent wave of black nationalism that developed in the period following World War I. Although born in Jamaica, Garvey achieved his greatest success in the United States. He did so despite the criticism of many African-American leaders and the covert opposition of the United States Department of Justice and its Bureau of Investigation (forerunner of the FBI). As a young man, Garvey had preached accommodation and disavowed political protest, advocating loyalty to the established colonial government. His views, however, underwent a radical transformation shortly after he arrived in the United States in 1916. The emergence of the radical New Negro movement, which supplied the cultural and political matrix of the celebrated Harlem Renaissance, to a large extent paralleled Garvey and his post-World War I "African Redemption" movement. Garvey established the first American branch of the UNIA in 1917--1918 in the midst of the mass migration of blacks from the Caribbean and the American South to cities of the North. It was also a time of political awakening in Africa and the Caribbean, to which Garvey vigorously encouraged the export of his movement. In the era of global black awakening following World War I, Garvey emerged as the best known, the most controversial, and, for many, the most attractive of a new generation of New Negro leaders. Representative Charles B. Rangel of New York has noted that "Garvey was one of the first to say that instead of blackness being a stigma, it should be a source of pride" (New York Times, 5 April 1987). Black expectations aroused by participation in World War I were dashed by the racial violence of the wartime and postwar years, and the disappointment evident in many black communities throughout the U.S., Africa, and the Caribbean allowed Garvey to draw dozens of local leaders to his side. Their ideas were not always strictly compatible with Garvey's, but their sympathy with his themes of "African redemption" and black self-support was instrumental in gathering support for the movement from a vast cross-section of African-American society. Similarly, Garvey's message was adopted by a broad cross-section of educated and semi-literate Africans and West Indians hungry for alternatives to white rule and oppression. The post--World War I years were thus a time when a growing number of Africans and West Indians were ready for change. In most colonial territories, Africans, like African Americans, were disappointed when expected postwar changes failed to materialize. Marcus Garvey :: Essays Papers Marcus Garvey Historians familiar with Garvey's career generally regard him as the preeminent symbol of the insurgent wave of black nationalism that developed in the period following World War I. Although born in Jamaica, Garvey achieved his greatest success in the United States. He did so despite the criticism of many African-American leaders and the covert opposition of the United States Department of Justice and its Bureau of Investigation (forerunner of the FBI). As a young man, Garvey had preached accommodation and disavowed political protest, advocating loyalty to the established colonial government. His views, however, underwent a radical transformation shortly after he arrived in the United States in 1916. The emergence of the radical New Negro movement, which supplied the cultural and political matrix of the celebrated Harlem Renaissance, to a large extent paralleled Garvey and his post-World War I "African Redemption" movement. Garvey established the first American branch of the UNIA in 1917--1918 in the midst of the mass migration of blacks from the Caribbean and the American South to cities of the North. It was also a time of political awakening in Africa and the Caribbean, to which Garvey vigorously encouraged the export of his movement. In the era of global black awakening following World War I, Garvey emerged as the best known, the most controversial, and, for many, the most attractive of a new generation of New Negro leaders. Representative Charles B. Rangel of New York has noted that "Garvey was one of the first to say that instead of blackness being a stigma, it should be a source of pride" (New York Times, 5 April 1987). Black expectations aroused by participation in World War I were dashed by the racial violence of the wartime and postwar years, and the disappointment evident in many black communities throughout the U.S., Africa, and the Caribbean allowed Garvey to draw dozens of local leaders to his side. Their ideas were not always strictly compatible with Garvey's, but their sympathy with his themes of "African redemption" and black self-support was instrumental in gathering support for the movement from a vast cross-section of African-American society. Similarly, Garvey's message was adopted by a broad cross-section of educated and semi-literate Africans and West Indians hungry for alternatives to white rule and oppression. The post--World War I years were thus a time when a growing number of Africans and West Indians were ready for change. In most colonial territories, Africans, like African Americans, were disappointed when expected postwar changes failed to materialize.

Changing Lives Essay

I have always viewed life differently. There were times when people would act differently towards me, for I acted maturely for my age. Oftentimes, I was vocal about how I wanted to finish my education so that I would be able to fulfill my dreams further. For everyone’s benefit, I would like to pursue a degree in Biology. At a young age, my mother exposed me to the real world. She was a nurse in one of the hospitals, and most of the time she would cater to the needs of patients. Like any curious child, I would ask her questions about her profession, making me more inclined into the field of medicine as I grew older. I could definitely say that my mother was my driving force in my dream of becoming a physician someday. My mother would consistently teach me about medicine and the first aid that I need, in the event that I need help. In school, I always showed my determination and perseverance to succeed in life. I would always give my best, even in the smallest requirement deemed from students. As much as possible, I wanted things to go as planned. Hard work and dedication were not the only factors that I took in mind. I was guided by my prayers and my will to be of service to others. In this manner, I wanted to make sure that everything was in proper order and that I am not stepping nor hurting anyone in the process. I remember the many times that my mother brought me to work with her. Even at a young age, she helped satisfy my curiosity by allowing me to assist in her work. In high school, my mother finally allowed me to volunteer in their hospital, especially in catering to the needs of patients. This kind of exposure made me more determined than ever to be of service to those in need as a physician. My life was never a perfect one. Although my mind was set into becoming a successful physician, there were certain things in life that led to this decision. My mother was of Mexican-American lineage; and Mexico was where she finished her education. In her attempt to bring herself to grater heights, she moved to the United States. The hardships that she endured when she was still starting were difficult to bear. However, she disregarded all of these and went on to fulfill her dream. Now, she is a nurse and earning a stable job in the United States. Like my mother, I was inspired to work hard and bridge gaps by making it big in the United States. The kind of education that the University of California would give me would come to my advantage in my attempt to attend medical school. I learned that the institution has produced numerous talents that have been successful in their chosen field, and making a difference in the lives of others. Like them, I would want to serve as an inspiration and be able to break barriers in the field of medicine. I would use the training and the knowledge that your school would give me to make further researches that could be used in the advancements and upheaval of society. I also want to inspire others from the medical field to render service from their heart, and not just because of the paycheck that may be receive. I know that the experiences that I had in life were not enough for me to be accepted in your university. Like the other students who have bore witness to the exemplary performance of this institution, I would do my best to live up to the Mission-Vision, which is summed up in making it big and helping others. As one of the students, all I can offer is my dedication and will to make a difference in society. I am one step forward in reaching my goals in life – and it starts with my acceptance at the University of California.

Antz vs Lion King Political

People may just watch Disney movies and walk out of the theater without having any knowledge of the meaning in the movie they just watched. They take their kids to pass the time away and maybe laugh for a few moments. Despite this, these people should know that inside every movie there is a meaning, even if it is an animated Disney movie. In this paper, I will discuss the movie Antz and the movie The Lion King. In the movie Antz, directed by Eric Darnell and Tim Johnson, Z 4195 is a worker ant. Feeling unimportant in this conformity system, he accidentally meets beautiful Princess Bala, who has a similar problem on the other end of the social scale. In order to meet her again, Z switches sides with his soldier friend Weaver. By doing this, he ends up crossing the path of General Mandible (Bala's fiance), who wants to divide the ant society into a superior, strong race (soldiers) and an inferior, soon to be killed race (the workers). But Z and Bala, both oblivious of the dangerous situation, try to leave the cruel system by heading for Insectopia, where there is no such system and all insects coexist in harmony. In the movie The Lion King, directed by Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff, a young lion prince is born in Africa, making his uncle Scar the second in line to be king. Scar plots with the hyenas to kill King Mufasa and Prince Simba, in order to make himself King. The King is killed and Simba is led to believe by Scar that it was his fault, so Simba leaves the kingdom. After years of exile he returns back to the kingdom to take back what was once his father’s, and now his. After watching both of the films, there seemed to be a political message in both of them. In the movie Antz, it seems as if they are trying to show a totalitarian government. According to the American Heritage dictionary, totalitarian is defined as: being, or imposing a form of government in which the political authority exercises absolute and centralized control over all aspects of life, the individual is subordinated to the state, and opposing political and cultural expression is suppressed (American Heritage). In other words, General Mandible runs a totalitarian government in order to make the army ants superior than the worker ants. He wants to take full control of the ant colony by marrying the princess and trying to kill the queen in order to make himself king. The one ant, Z, tries to promote individualism so it can be the remedy for the totalitarian government General Mandible is trying to run. Individualism is defined as: belief in the primary importance of the individual and in the virtues of self-reliance and personal independence (American Heritage). He tries to tell the other ants that they don’t have to work if they don’t want to. The work they do is the reason why their society is becoming larger. In the movie The Lion King, it seems as if it shows a dictatorship. Dictatorship is defined as: Absolute or despotic control or power (American Heritage). Despite this, Scar, the inferior brother to King Mufasa, tries to take control over Mufasa and Simba and rule the lands. King Mufasa and the animals of Africa are the protagonists. The antagonists are Scar and the Hyenas, who want to control Africa. Some critics have said that Scar is portrayed as Hitler, who leads the hyenas (Nazis) to overthrow King Mufasa and the rest of the animals (Europe) (IMDB). When Scar does take over, everything starts to deteriorate (such as the Nazis did to Eastern Europe). It seemed as if they were running concentration camps. When Simba returns, everything returns to normal-the trees grow back and the grass turns bright green again, symbolizing the relief ceased (The Nazi fall). In a way, these two films are similar. In each movie, both of the antagonists are depicted as evil and angry. They try to take control of the whole colony or kingdom. When they see an obstacle in the way, they try to eliminate it so they can obtain an easy path to the throne. In the movie Antz, individualism is represented as a great value. Z, the individualistic ant, tries to confront General Mandible for his wrongdoings. He tries to stand up for himself and what he believes in, and soon after the rest of the colony starts to follow his ideas. Seeing that Z has now won over the colony with his beliefs, General Mandible gives out a compelling speech about how the colony needs the workers, and that they have their place in helping build a better colony. He goes on to tell his soldiers, â€Å"Gentlemen, now you can see how dangerous individualism can be. It makes us†¦vulnerable. † (Antz, General Mandible). This is why he wants to destroy the working ants. He knows that if the ants all become individualistic, that he will be overrun and not be able to pursue the superior race that he greatly wants. Later on, Z goes on to tell Princess Bala, â€Å"†¦he just died in my arms. I don’t think that once in his life he made his own choice. † (Antz, Z). Here he is talking about one of the soldiers, who told Z not to follow orders all of his life. This scene depicts the reality of the ant colony; unfortunately, the entire colony, especially the ants, were always following commands and following orders-they had no choice. On the contrary, The Lion King does not depict any degree of unhappiness under the rule of King Mufasa. All the animals are living in harmony, doing as they please; therefore, their individualism is not threatened by King Mufasa’s power. Once Scar comes into rule, he begins to dictate and change everything about the kingdom. He gave the hyenas superior authority over the lions and the other animals. Soon, the rest of the animals start to leave the area and the kingdom becomes infested solely with hyenas. With the dictatorship of Scar, the animals’ freedom and sense of individualism was diminished. The political power in each film is exercised in a similar matter. Both movies contain a monarchy, which contains a queen in the movie Antz, and a king in the movie The Lion King. In the movie Antz, the queen ant has a daughter who is the princess. Soon after the Queen dies, the princess will take her place and so on. In order for General Mandible to take control of the whole colony and become king, he must marry Princess Bala. He takes advantage of the monarchy, and turns it into more of a totalitarian government. On the other hand, The Lion King, has a different approach to its monarchy. King Mufasa expresses to his son that they follow the â€Å"Circle of Life† (Allers, Minkoff). In the â€Å"Circle of Life†, King Mufasa explains that, â€Å"When we die, our bodies become the grass, and the antelope eat the grass. And so we are all connected in the great Circle of Life†. (Allers, Minkoff). The kingdom in which they live, is not about exercising a control in one’s power, but rather, it is about respect. King Mufasa does take pride in being king, but he does not command and tell the other animals what to do in every aspect of their lives. Scar was second in line to the throne, being King Mufasa’s brother, but Simba’s birth made him the direct heir to the throne, thus pushing back Scar to third in line. And as the story goes, Scar becomes furious and turns on his own family because he is greedy. He then goes on to kill his brother and he tries to kill Simba but with no success. Simba returns from going away for a while, and goes back to being king and completing the â€Å"Circle of Life†. In each of the films, it shows us what a government should do in a situation where it endangers its people. In Antz, after General Mandible takes the soldier ants out of the colony, and closes in the working ants, the worker ants come together and help each other out. The people (ants) of the government (ant colony), need to stick together and not be against each other. In the end, General Mandible says, â€Å"I am the colony†, and soon after tries to kill Z but ends up killing himself. The colony came together and stood up for what they believed in, and took down the tyrant who was trying to make the colony â€Å"better† by turning it into a totalitarian government. In The Lion King, the government (jungle) does not really put up a fight against Scar. They let him control the lands and do whatever he pleases with the hyenas. Only when Simba comes back, the other lions are motivated to fight. In a point in the movie, Scar is cornered and blames everything on the hyenas and is soon after pushed over the cliff by Simba. Although Scar killed King Mufasa, Simba did not want to kill Scar. Instead justice was served when the hyenas attacked Scar because he had turned his back on them after false promises. You can see that all over the world, there have been dictators, such as Fidel Castro or Hitler, that have fallen. They have fallen not only because of their decisions, but because of the people. Like the aforementioned, there is more to a movie than you think. Before doing this paper, I just thought these movies were just animated films that were made for children. But the truth is that they have a meaning towards the adult viewers also. I believe that in Antz, the ants try to overthrow General Mandible’s totalitarian government in order to achieve a full sense of individualism. In the movie The Lion King, I believe that there is a dictatorship when Scar is in command. He does not rule the lands like King Mufasa, who gave everyone an equal right to live and be happy. Despite the antagonist’s attempts to rule, their justice is served, and in both movies the protagonists get what they want. All in all, always find the true meaning behind a film.

Defeating Age-ism In The Interview

Defeating Age-ism In The Interview Modern job search can be daunting for a more mature job-seeker.  Maybe the online side of networking is baffling, maybe the pace of new technology is frustrating, and these are things to work on–but here are  some suggestions for preparing yourself for success while job-hunting later in life. First, have an immaculate resume and cover letter, and dynamic and current recommendations ready to back you.  Consider consulting a professional career coach who can look over your materials and give you pointers.  The next step is to prepare for the interview the way you used to prepare for exams in school. Here are  some great tips for  recognizing and diplomatically deflecting potentially biased questions at the interview stage. Watch out for the following questions once you’re sitting across from a decision-maker:1. Aren’t you overqualified?This question could signal that the employer thinks you’rea) too old for the job,b)  asking for more money tha n a lower level candidate, orc) only biding your time until a bigger, better job like your previous positions comes along or you get bored.Consider asking a question in response that may help you figure out which of these possible motivations is at work, then sorting through your past experience to prove that your age makes you qualified or that the demands of this job are exactly what you’re looking for, regardless of what you’ve earned or what your title was in the past.2. What are your strongest skills?This is often a dog-whistle to see how up-to-date your tech skills are; be sure and emphasize your current skill level and how familiar you were with common office technology in the past. (And, by the way, if you’re not up to date, see what your local library or community college has to offer in the way of computer classes).3. What are your interests outside your career?This tricky question may be intended to make you sound more sedate or retiring than you are; consider the benefits of emphasizing active, physically demanding pursuits to reassure potential employers that you will not only keep up but thrive in their office.The most important skill in interviewing is the ability to be yourself, but the best, most promising version of yourself. Put your winningest foot forward, and let the less experienced applicants just try to keep up.

Flood Stories and Symbolism Essays

Flood Stories and Symbolism Essays Flood Stories and Symbolism Paper Flood Stories and Symbolism Paper Essay Topic: The Epic of Gilgamesh The Year Of the Flood DJ Sims English H II September 16, 2012 1 Flood Essay Almost everyone knows the story of Noah and the Ark but you may not know that many other cultures have flood stories as well. These stories have many differences and many similarities but one thing they all have in common is symbolism. Symbolism is the practice of representing things by means of symbols or of attributing symbolic meanings or significance to objects, events, or relationships. What part does symbolism play in the story of the floods? Symbolism is often used in writing especially during the time that the flood stories were written. Since the stories were passed through mouth and not paper like today the story tellers used symbolism to paint the picture for those who were listening. Almost anything can be symbolic if you can give enough proof as to why it is symbolic. Even colors can be symbolic and colors like purple and gold are colors of royalty. In the following paragraphs you will be made aware of the symbolism in the following stories, The Story of the Flood from the Epic of Gilgamesh, The Flood from Greek culture, The Flood from Hindu culture, and the story of Noah and the Ark from the Bible. : In The Story of the Flood from The Epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh is on a search for immortality and goes to Utnapishtim and his family, the only people granted immortality, and asks him how he achieved it. Utnapishtim tells him a story of a great flood that killed all of mankind. â€Å"The uproar of mankind is intolerable and sleep is no longer possible by reason of babel† (Sandars). So the gods decided to flood the earth and kill all mankind. Though Enlil, a warrior, warned Utnapishtim of what was to come and had him build a boat and to gather every living thing, every kind of seed, and his kin into the boat. When the storm came everything died except for those on the boat and when the rain subsided and the waters cleared Utnapishtim burnt a sacrifice to the gods who in turn made him and his wife immortal. In the beginning of the story the world is described as a wild bull. â€Å"In those days the world teemed, the people multiplied, the world bellowed like a wild bull† (Sandars). A wild bull is just that, wild and they used this to show how unruly the people of earth had become. A big symbol that is used throughout the Epic of Gilgamesh is the number seven. It said that the boat had â€Å"seven levels in all† and that â€Å"for six days and six night the winds blew, torrent and tempest and flood overwhelmed the world, and when the seventh day dawned the storm from the south subsided, the sea grew calm, and the flood subsided† (Sandars). It also says that on the seventh day he loosed a dove and the dove came back without finding land. Then he loosed a swallow and the swallow came back without finding land. He then loosed a raven who, â€Å"saw that the waters had retreated, she ate, she flew around, she cawed, and she did not come back† (Sandars). A raven often symbolizes death because it is a carrion bird and so the raven may have been chosen in the story to find land because of the death that had taken place on earth. In the Greek story of The Flood Jupiter had bound Prometheus on top of Mount Caucasus and sent disease down on the world causing man to be wicked. Deucalion, the son of Prometheus, was the one exception. â€Å"He was only a common man and not a Titan like his great father, and yet he was known far and wide for his good deeds and the uprightness of his life† (Baldwin). Though many had neglected their gods, Deucalion continued to visit his father and he said to his son, â€Å"The day is coming when Jupiter will send a flood to destroy mankind form the earth. Be sure that you are ready my son† (Baldwin). Deucalion was ready and when the rain came he took his wife, Pyrrha, and took shelter in the boat till the rain subsided. When the rain finally did stop the land was even more beautiful than it was before the flood had occurred but Deucalion and Pyrrha were sad because they knew they were the only people left. Then Mercury, the messenger of the gods, came to them and said, â€Å"Go on down the mountain and as you go, cast the bones of your mother over your shoulders behind you† (Baldwin). So they did and every rock that Deucalion threw behind him sprang up as â€Å"full-grown men, strong and handsome and brave† and every rock that Pyrrha threw other her shoulder sprang up as â€Å"full-grown women, lovely and fair† (Baldwin). Deucalion became their king and named the country Hellas, after Hellen their son, and the people were much happier. The main symbol in this story is how the people rew from the stones of the earth. It is often said that people are born form the earth and when they die they are returned to the earth. In the Bible God creates man, Adam, from the dust of the earth and this relates to how the men and women are created from the stones of the earth. There are a couple different versions of the Hindu flood story but overall they relate. Manu, the first h uman, found a small fish that asked for protection from the larger fish. Manu did and as the fish grew he moved it from a bowl to a lake and eventually the ocean. In return the fish warned Manu of an upcoming flood and told him to build a boat. The fish pulled him through the water and revealed himself as Parjapati Brahma and told Manu, â€Å"Create all living things and all things moving and fixed† (Frazer). The main symbol that is the same in each story is the fish. In one story the fish symbolizes the god Parjapati Brahma but it also symbolizes transformation and creation. In the story the fish transforms into Parjapati Brahma and leads Manu through the flood so that he can create a new world. In the story of Noah and the Ark God has decided to flood the earth to rid it of all the evil. He said, â€Å"I will destroy man whom I have created from the face of the earth; both man, and beast, and the creeping thing, and the fowls of the air; for it repenteth me that I have made them† (King James Version). Noah was just a man, but a perfect man who walked with God. God warned Noah of the flood to come and told him to build an ark. He told Noah, â€Å"with thee will I establish my covenant; and thou shalt come into the ark, thou, and thy sons, and thy wife, and thy sons wives with thee. And of every living thing of all flesh, two of every sort shalt thou bring into the ark, to keep them alive with thee; they shall be male and female† (King James Version). When the flood came Noah did as God had asked of him and it rained for forty days and forty nights. When the forty days ended Noah sent out a raven and finding no resting place it came back. He then sent out a dove and finding no resting place it returned. Noah waited seven days and again sent out the dove and it returned with an olive leaf in her mouth and Noah knew that the waters had left the earth. God then made a covenant, a promise, with Noah saying that never again would He flood the earth and kill all living things and that anytime he sent forth a cloud you would find a rainbow within it and remember His promise. The main symbols in this story would be the raven and the dove. As you read previously the raven is a symbol of death but the dove is a symbol of the Holy Spirit in Christianity. The dove holding an olive branch symbolizes peace because after being on the ark for so long the olive branch the dove had showed that it was finally over. It may also symbolize how at last the evil form the world was gone and the world was finally at peace. What do all these things have in common? A lot of the symbols have to do with animals. The Hindu story had to do with a fish that transformed into a god, the Flood Story from The Epic of Gilgamesh and Noah and the Ark had the raven and the dove. Though in The Epic of Gilgamesh they used the raven a symbol of death and in Noah and the Ark they used the dove a symbol of peace. It could be because The Epic of Gilgamesh was written at a darker time and didn’t have a religious background while Noah and the Ark was only religious. The viewing of the flood in each story was different as well, in The Flood from The Epic of Gilgamesh it was viewed as sad but in Noah and the Ark it was seen as something good because the earth was purified. Symbolism was very effective in helping people from the past and present visualize the stories and discover hidden meanings throughout the text. Overall symbolism played a huge part in literature from the past and still affects literature today. Works Citied thefreedictionary. com/symbolism squidoo. com/raven-symbolism-lore whats-your-sign. om/symbolic-meanings-of-fish. html http://christianity. about. com/od/symbolspictures/ig/Christian-Symbols-Glossary/Christian-Dove. htm http://greatseal. com/peace/dove. html Research Log thefreedictionary. com/symbolism Symbolism is the practice of representing things by means of symbols or of attributing symbolic meanings or significance to objects, events, or relationships. squidoo. com/raven-symbolism-lore The raven often has a bad press, for being a carrion bird it is ultimately associated with death and consequently considered a bad omen too many, or a forewarning of war. ttp://www. whats-your-sign. com/symbolic-meanings-of-fish. html In Ancient Eastern Indian mythology, the fish is a symbol of transformation and creation. http://christianity. about. com/od/symbolspictures/ig/Christian-Symbols-Glossary/Christian-Dove. htm The dove represents the Holy Spirit or Holy Ghost in Chr istianity. http://greatseal. com/peace/dove. html If you had been on an Ark for nearly a year, and then you saw the dove return with a olive leaf, would â€Å"peace† be the best way to describe your response?

Photosynthesis Vocabulary Terms and Definitions

Photosynthesis Vocabulary Terms and Definitions Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and certain other organisms make glucose from carbon dioxide and water. In order to understand and remember how photosynthesis works, it helps to know the terminology.  Use this list of photosynthesis terms and definitions for review or to make flashcards to help you learn important photosynthesis concepts. ADP - ADP stands for adenosine diphosphate, a product of the Calvin cycle that is used in the light-dependent reactions. ATP  - ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate. ATP is a major energy molecule in cells. ATP and  NADPH are products of the light-dependent reactions in plants. ATP is used  in reduction and regeneration of RuBP. autotrophs - Autotrophs are photosynthetic organisms which  convert light energy into  the chemical energy they need to develop, grow, and reproduce. Calvin cycle - The Calvin cycle is the name given to the set of chemical reactions  of photosynthesis that does not necessarily  require light. The Calvin cycle takes place  in the  stroma of the chloroplast. It involves the fixing of carbon dioxide into  glucose using NADPH and ATP. carbon dioxide (CO2) - Carbon dioxide is a gas naturally found in the atmosphere that is  a reactant for the Calvin Cycle. carbon fixation -  ATP and NADPH are  used to fix CO2 into carbohydrates. Carbon fixation takes place in the chloroplast stroma.   chemical equation of photosynthesis -  6 CO2 6 H2O → C6H12O6 6 O2 chlorophyll - Chlorophyll is the primary pigment used in photosynthesis. Plants contain two main forms of chlorophyll:  a b. Chlorophyll has a  hydrocarbon tail that anchors it to an  integral protein in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. Chlorophyll is the source of the green color of plants and certain other autotrophs. chloroplast - A chloroplast is the organelle in a plant cell where photosynthesis occurs. G3P -  G3P stands for glucose-3-phosphate. G3P is an isomer of PGA formed during the Calvin cycle glucose (C6H12O6) - Glucose is the sugar that is the product of photosynthesis. Glucose is formed from  2 PGALs. granum - A granum is a stack of thylakoids (plural: grana) light - Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation; the shorter the wavelength the  greater amount of energy. Light supplies the energy for the light reactions of photosynthesis. light harvesting complexes (photosystems complexes) -   A photosystem (PS) complex is a multi-protein unit in the thylakoid membrane that absorbed light to serve as energy for reactions light reactions (light dependent reactions)  - The light dependent reactions are chemical reactions requiring electromagnetic energy (light) that  occur in the thylakoid membrane of the  chloroplast to convert light  energy into chemical forms  ATP and NAPDH. lumen - The lumen is the region within the thylakoid membrane where water is split to obtain oxygen. The oxygen diffuses out of the cell, while the protons remain inside to build positive electrical charge inside the thylakoid.   mesophyll cell - A mesophyll cell is a type of plant  cell located between the upper and lower epidermis that is the  site for photosynthesis NADPH - NADPH is a high-energy electron carrier  used in reduction oxidation -  Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons oxygen (O2) - Oxygen is a gas that is a  product of the light-dependent reactions palisade mesophyll - The palisade meophyill is the area of the mesophyll cell without many air spaces PGAL -  PGAL is an isomer of PGA formed during the Calvin cycle. photosynthesis  - Photosynthesis is the process by which organisms convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose). photosystem - A photosystem (PS) is a cluster of chlorophyll and other molecules in a thylakoid that  harvest the energy of light for  photosynthesis pigment - A pigment is a colored molecule. A pigment  absorbs specific wavelengths of light.  Chlorophyll absorbs blue and red light and reflects green  light, so it appears green. reduction - Reduction refers to the gain of electrons. It often occurs in conjunction with oxidation. rubisco - Rubisco is an enzyme that bonds carbon dioxide with RuBP thylakoid - The thylakoid is a disc-shaped portion of chloroplast, found in stacks called grana.

Critical Thinking Part 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical Thinking Part 3 - Assignment Example The questionnaire used in the interview was developed specifically for the study. The authors developed the interview guide from key themes found in a review of the literature on second cancer risk. The authors presented evidence of the reliability of the instrument used: â€Å"A person-centered, open-ended interviewing approach helped elicit detailed responses and focused participants’ responses onto areas previously not anticipated† (489). The interviewers were trained since they are educated in the area and also studied related research before conducting their research. The questions were appropriate for the research question. One sample question was: â€Å"compared with other people your age, how would you describe your risk of developing cancer this year?† (489). There is evidence of credibility and fittingness in the authors’ design. Great care and detail was put into the interview and analyzing of the data. An interpretative, qualitative design was used to collect the data and the constant comparative method was used to analyze the findings (483). Data coding was also used to compare emerging codes and cluster the data into new codes. The statistical analysis fitted the research question. Two important themes emerged from the data: thinking about second risk and living with risk, a family affair. The findings were not statistically important since the data was qualitative. The authors used tables and figures effectively and in a way that was easy to interpret. One table showed a sample of the questionnaire used when interviewing the test subjects. It is possible there is researcher bias in the report of the findings since the ethnic sample was all one race. Findings may have been specifically inherent in the ethnic sample interviewed, the researchers made generalizations about all cancer survivors when only one ethnicity was studied. The findings of the study will be relevant and will increase understanding of cancer survivors’ mindsets, but will

Literature review Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Literature review - Research Paper Example In Edwin’s view, it was wrong to use information collected from men to arrive at conclusions about the entire society without seeking the views of both women and men. He argued that it was this hierarchy in society that had rendered women voiceless over the years. The main proponent of the theory is Cheris Kramarae. The Muted Group Theory has been used for purposes of communication studies. Cheris Kramarae, once a professor in charge of Women’s Studies, worked with various lecturers from around the world. According to Cheris Kramarae, the ideas contained in the Muted Group Theory state that men created communication as a tool for taking advantage of women (Kramarae, 1981). The theory requires women to play strictly within the confines of the language developed by man and are therefore not allowed to have their own way of expressing their feelings and thoughts. Muted group theory also provides an explanation as to why there are groups in society that have a voice while s ome are mute. In her 1974 study, Chen's Kramarae focused on how the characters in cartoons are quite deceptive. She noted that the female cartoon characters were portrayed as being apologetic and emotional. They are also depicted as flowery and vague in the way they communicate. Words such as pretty and nice are used to refer to these characters. It is from this initial study that she found evidence that supported the muted group theory (Griffin, 1997, p. 459). LITERATURE REVIEW The first book that I will analyze is the book written by Belenky titled Women's ways of knowing: the development of self, voice and mind. In this book, the author analyzes the way women’s feelings are not adequately served. The author argues that this is probably the reason why women face challenges when trying to climb the corporate ladder (Belenky, 1986). The author also states that in many cultures women are ignored and often discouraged from joining male dominated industries even when they have t he knowledge required. What was disappointing about this book was that the Muted Group theory was not mentioned and I had to critically analyze it in order to gather relevant information out of it. The author also used several theorists to explain herself which made the book even more complicated to analyze. The second book I will review is a book by Griffen titled the ‘Proprietors of language' and argues that language was developed by men and that women were not consulted in its development. In this case men are referred to as the dominate group while women, the mute group (Griffen, 2004). Muted Group theory is used to explain the reason why some groups in the society; in this case women are silent. According to Ardener, this group that is muted can be studied from a gendered outlook. Females behave differently from males because they are constructed in a different way. It is these same differences that Ardener argues qualify women to be classified among the muted groups and undervalued in society. The aspect of this book that I did not like was that the chapters were not directly related to the Muted Group theory either. The issues discussed were however quite interesting despite not being topical. It was however

Growth and Development of Vegetarian Raised Children Essay

Growth and Development of Vegetarian Raised Children - Essay Example The study shows that there are controversial results, as to the benefits of vegetarian raised children. For example, in the so-called Farm Study (a vegetarian commune in Tennessee) O’Connell and cool. found that the body height of children up to 10 years of age, raised in a vegetarian commune, was consistently below the US reference values. Because of the scarcity of data on physical growth, pubertal development and physical fitness of vegetarian children, adolescents and young adults, we designed a study to assess the average daily dietary intakes of food energy in a total of 82 children (Group A: 6-10 year-old girls and 6-12 year-old boys), adolescents (Group B: 10-16 year-old girls and 12-18 year-old boys), and young adults (Group C: 16-30 year-old-girls and 18-30 year-old boys).† In contrast, in two studies in children of Seventh-Day Adventists (SDA) communities, who largely follow a vegetarian lifestyle, no significant differences in height were found, with the exception of SDA school boys who were significantly taller. After controlling for height differences, boys and girls in the SDA School were found to be leaner than their public school peers (Marcel, 1997). These studies show little significant benefits of vegetarian meals over nonvegetarian meals. However, when it comes to their learning responses in class, the SDA children were seen to perform better than the children from non-SDA homes. This was after considering more than 100 children both from SDA and not SDA families.

Growing Importance of India For Investors (ie, India is the next Essay

Growing Importance of India For Investors (ie, India is the next China) - Essay Example The economic reforms introduced in early 1990s have boosted the economy’s growth. Tariff barriers were brought down. Foreign players could enter and thus the private firms had to compete with the best. Exports rose up. Indian firms are rapidly becoming global like Bharti Airtel has entered African market. Unlike China, India’s growth cannot be attributed to just the public sector. There are about 45m entrepreneurs in India. India’s informal sector is also doing well. Indian businesses majorly cater to the need of their domestic consumers and also export various services. Indian firms successfully satisfy the needs of money conscious customers in India who love low priced goods. Tata Filters for example manufactures a water filter that can provide safe drinking water at a meager charge of rupees 30 a month. Indian firms are coming up with new products as well as new business models. HCL technologies improve the IT system of their clients on the condition that they will charge only if their clients gain. Moon B. Shin of LG electronics sees immense opportunity in the Indian market. They are manufacturing low priced goods and goods suited to the liking of Indians. The infrastructure in India is poor. Roads are bad and traffic conditions do not depict a rosy picture either. Power shortage is another problem. McKinsey predicts that Indian growth will be five fold in the next 20 years. India will have to spend $1.2trillion on infrastructure in future. India lacks in skilled workforce. There are only 16 Indian Institute of technology in India. Universities do not impart useful knowledge and companies have to spend a lot for their training. India’s adult literacy rate is 66% compared to 99% of China. Corruption exists everywhere. Instability in the form of Naxalite movement is affecting mining and logging firms. Populism whereby politicians discourage businesses for their own interests is a major obstruction to growth. The government is making

The Importance of Analysis and Analytical Skills to the Manager Making Essay

The Importance of Analysis and Analytical Skills to the Manager Making Decisions in Business - Essay Example Specifically, the study evaluates the structured analytical approach to problems solving and discusses the concept of decision making. This is then followed by a critical analysis of three types of management decision making methods; project plan, financial modeling and diagrammatic representation. These methods are then discussed together in relation to management, before arriving at a conclusion on the study. Structured Analytical Approach to Problem Solving Management in the business world often presents with complex problems that call on managers to develop better approaches to problem solutions. Bonem (2011, p. 1-2) discusses the need for the structured analytical approach to solving problems, explaining that the aging and retiring of the baby boomer (or elderly) generation of workers takes away the invaluable experience needed in decision making. Thus, the author argues that the present managerial aspects of businesses need to adopt a structured analytical approach that will co unter the complexity of organisational problems and the lack of experiential knowledge. The structured analytical approach involves a cyclical multi-stage approach to decision making. Proctor (2010, p. 273) argues that the structured approach involves a number of discernible activities at each stage in the cycle; objective finding, fact finding, idea finding, problem finding, solution finding and acceptance finding. Cooke and Slack (1991) provide for a decentralised approach to executing the cyclic stages. This involves one or more individuals executing the component tasks of decision analysis which include administration, evaluation and implementation. The tow scholars present a normative cyclic approach consisting of 8 stages that involve recognition of the problem, objective setting, understanding the problem, determination of the options available, evaluation of the options established, selecting the most appropriate and effective option, implementation of the solution and monit oring. The structured analytical approach to problem solving as discussed above is a formidable approach to a business context as it addresses the root causes of the problem, identifies and assesses all possible strategic options and settles on the best. It also provides for monitoring, and the cyclic nature allows for awareness and readiness to face organisational problems and challenges which helps to avoid impetuous decision making. However, the approach is idealistic and requires being adapted to the specific context of the business environment (Cooke and Slack 1991). Thus, a manager should manipulate/customise it to suit the specificity in the environment and problem. The Concept of Managerial Decision Making Wang (2010, pp. 28-33) states that decision making is the process of choosing the best alternative to achieve goals in light of finite resources. The author argues that the concept of decision making cannot be divorced from resource allocation and the process of execution as these are dependent on sound decisions for success. Decision making is closely interrelated with problem solving, which Reza and Fahimi (2003, p. 2) define as the process of identifying and filling gaps on a desired and an actual organisational state. The authors relate decision making and structured problem solving, explaining that decision mak

Answer 2 discussion questions and write a 2-3 page paper from uploaded Research

Answer 2 discussion questions and write a 2-3 page from uploaded information - Research Paper Example Therefore, one strongly believes that it is possible that there are customers who visit these two stores, as evident from the example indicated herein. Chapter 12: Discussion Question 9 For instance, if one would like to establish a new restaurant, the restaurant or food service industry should be evaluated in terms current status and condition of the market. As such an external analysis should be made of the market’s customers, competitors, suppliers, and potential partners (Spulber, 2009). In addition, the potential entrant must be able to assess and comprehensibly evaluate current competitors that are firmly entrenched in the market, their core competencies, strategies applied, and the clientele that they specifically cater to. Therefore, the strategies that must be designed to effectively compete with incumbent firms are as follows: (1) determine the strengths and weaknesses of these competitors. As emphasized, â€Å"companies should concentrate their strength against the weaknesses of their competitors† (Spulber, 2009, p. ... Likewise, if the incumbent firms exhibit cost advantages, the potential entrant could design strategies which include â€Å"process innovation, increased efficiency, outsourcing, and contracts with customers† (Spulber, 2009, p. 372). In addition, the potential entrant could also apply entry strategies to address differentiation advantages through focusing on product innovation and tailoring the services or products offered to the needs, demands, and preferences of customers. Also, the potential entrant could apply entry strategies which address transaction advantages of competitors through â€Å"innovation in transaction technology, development of new forms of transactions, and creation of new combinations of buyers and sellers† (Spulber, 2009, p. 372), as deemed necessary. Therefore, expected challenges that the potential entrant could face include: immediate response and reaction from the competitors; being recognized in the market through the application of strategie s involving the 4Ps; as well as in designing the most appropriate and effective entry strategy according to the core competencies, advantages, and strengths which would cater to the needs, demands, and preferences of the clientele. As such, selection of the most appropriate entry strategy would actually depend on the positioning of the potential entrant; meaning, to which particular market segment they aim to serve. This would specifically determine the competitors or incumbent which the potential entrant should assess; and apply the most needed entry strategy depending on the core competencies and advantages exhibited by these competitors. 2. Essay: What are the key cost drivers and determinants of cost advantage needed by managers when using a price leadership strategy? Students should be

The Importance of Analysis and Analytical Skills to the Manager Making Essay

The Importance of Analysis and Analytical Skills to the Manager Making Decisions in Business - Essay Example Specifically, the study evaluates the structured analytical approach to problems solving and discusses the concept of decision making. This is then followed by a critical analysis of three types of management decision making methods; project plan, financial modeling and diagrammatic representation. These methods are then discussed together in relation to management, before arriving at a conclusion on the study. Structured Analytical Approach to Problem Solving Management in the business world often presents with complex problems that call on managers to develop better approaches to problem solutions. Bonem (2011, p. 1-2) discusses the need for the structured analytical approach to solving problems, explaining that the aging and retiring of the baby boomer (or elderly) generation of workers takes away the invaluable experience needed in decision making. Thus, the author argues that the present managerial aspects of businesses need to adopt a structured analytical approach that will co unter the complexity of organisational problems and the lack of experiential knowledge. The structured analytical approach involves a cyclical multi-stage approach to decision making. Proctor (2010, p. 273) argues that the structured approach involves a number of discernible activities at each stage in the cycle; objective finding, fact finding, idea finding, problem finding, solution finding and acceptance finding. Cooke and Slack (1991) provide for a decentralised approach to executing the cyclic stages. This involves one or more individuals executing the component tasks of decision analysis which include administration, evaluation and implementation. The tow scholars present a normative cyclic approach consisting of 8 stages that involve recognition of the problem, objective setting, understanding the problem, determination of the options available, evaluation of the options established, selecting the most appropriate and effective option, implementation of the solution and monit oring. The structured analytical approach to problem solving as discussed above is a formidable approach to a business context as it addresses the root causes of the problem, identifies and assesses all possible strategic options and settles on the best. It also provides for monitoring, and the cyclic nature allows for awareness and readiness to face organisational problems and challenges which helps to avoid impetuous decision making. However, the approach is idealistic and requires being adapted to the specific context of the business environment (Cooke and Slack 1991). Thus, a manager should manipulate/customise it to suit the specificity in the environment and problem. The Concept of Managerial Decision Making Wang (2010, pp. 28-33) states that decision making is the process of choosing the best alternative to achieve goals in light of finite resources. The author argues that the concept of decision making cannot be divorced from resource allocation and the process of execution as these are dependent on sound decisions for success. Decision making is closely interrelated with problem solving, which Reza and Fahimi (2003, p. 2) define as the process of identifying and filling gaps on a desired and an actual organisational state. The authors relate decision making and structured problem solving, explaining that decision mak

Argumentive Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Argumentive Evaluation - Essay Example This paper will critically evaluate how the author built his argument, his tone, mood, purpose for his argument and describe his audience. Stoll (248) argues that giving glitzy gadgets to a child who cannot read or write in class is of no good. He claims that is more painful to direct little children to computer screens than making them read a few pages of a book. However, the author fails to understand that introducing a child to technology at an early age prepares him/her for the modern world that is driven by technology day by day. It is easier to introduce technology to children because they learn faster than adults; thus, teaching them how to use computers even if they can hardly read or write gives them a chance to learn other things such as games, which is more fun than forcing them to read a page in a book. The author Stoll (248) also argues that teaching machines drive students away from reading and writing and even prevent them from attaining scholarships. This is because c omputers take the ability of students to understand questions before writing answers; thus, they substitute the ability of students to reflect and think critically, which involves originality, concentration and intention. Nevertheless, the author is hasty in concluding that computers substitute the ability of students to think critically. Computers do not provide straight forward answers to all questions. This means that students who use computers are required to read and understand the content provided in the computer so that they can choose the best in order to make their own conclusions. Thus, a lot of understanding and critical thinking is required. Moreover, the students are likely to have more fun while searching for information in computers than spending painful hours in the library reading many books. Hence, technology makes learning fun and effortless. As stated by Stoll (248), technology encourages intellectual passivity. He argues that students are likely to focus more on having fun than learning. As a result, they develop inability to exercise patience, persistence, and attentiveness. However, the author fails to explain how students develop distaste for these inabilities by using technology to learn. On the contrary, students are able to exercise patient, attentiveness and persistence when using technology. This is because for them to understand what they are doing they need to be patient and pay attention to the instructions given by their teachers. Moreover, Stoll (248) argues that taking learning as fun cheapens the process of learning and the product. This means that by integrating fun into learning, teachers no longer focus on teaching but entertaining students, which results in poor quality of education. The students also focus more on having fun than learning and scholarships lose their meaning. However, this is not true. This is because if teachers would focus only on teaching, the students would likely to get bored with time. The truth is that everybody gets bored with routine and especially being in a classroom all day without any form of entertainment. If students get bored in class, they may not understand anything that the teacher says. For this reason, incorporating fun in the learning systems makes the learning process even more fun and the students develop more interest in learning; hence, the improving the

Show manliness Essay Example for Free

Show manliness Essay How does A View from the Bridge show manliness, hostility and aggression? In the play A View from the Bridge Eddie Carbone plays the protagonist. Eddie has a very particular view of what it means to be a man and in this sense is the main example of manliness, hostility and aggression in the play. Manliness, hostility and aggression are a big part of existence and of living in the play. Arthur Miller creates this by using the characters against each other, always challenging each one then the other. Throughout the play the audience are reminded of Eddies manliness and what he believes to be manly. The audience are fed an idea of what Eddie presumes to be manliness right from the start of the play. Catherine has just told Eddie that she has got a job as a stenographer, but Eddie thinks that she should stay at school. Catherine then uses the argument that shell be earning $50 a week. Eddie reacts angrily to this look did I ask you for money and then claims, I supported you this long I can support you a little more this gives the indication that Eddie believes that a man should be supporting the family and should go out of his way to make sure his niece doesnt need to go to work. Eddie then gives his views of manliness by judging Rodolfos way of living in an argument with Beatrice about Rodolfos friendliness with Catherine. Beatrice thinks he is a nice boy but Eddie doesnt like him because he sings on the ships, didja know that he then goes on to say that the other men think the same way as him because theyre callin him paper doll, theyre callin him Canary. Hes like a weird Beatrice then argues with Eddie that he is adjusting to American life but Eddie begins to compare him to his brother Marco why dont his brother sing Marco goes around like a man; nobody kids Marco. This is showing that Marco is what he views as a man and Rodolfo isnt. Later Eddie talks to Alfieri, his lawyer, about what he can do to stop Rodolfo seeing/marrying Catherine. He tells Alfieri the guy aint right he claims that the fact that Rodolfo is a blond guy and if you close the paper fist you could blow him over This is saying that to be manly a man should not only act like a man but must look like a man. This is backed up when he says that Rodolfo sings like a woman sometime he hits a note I mean high and if you came in the house you wouldnt be lookin for a him you be lookin for her Eddie keeps on complaining about how Rodolfo makes dresses and a man shouldnt be making dresses he should be buying them he takes the dress cuts it up; one-two-three he makes a new dress. In Act two Eddie shows again what it means to be a man. He fights Rodolfo and pins his arm. Catherine is watching and he is trying to show her that Rodolfo isnt a man because he cant break Eddies grip. He then tells Alfieri about it and explains why Rodolfo isnt a man Im tellin you I know he aint right. Somebody that dont want to break your grip can break it he didnt give me the right kind of fight Mr Alfieri the guy aint right. This is showing that Eddie believes that a man should be strong and if he wants to protect his woman he should fight for her. Eddies views on manliness cause a lot of conflict throughout the play. The first instance of this is when Eddie criticises Catherines new dress I think its too short he then goes on to say that Catherines walkin wavy. This is showing that Eddie doesnt want men to be perving over her and this causes conflict as Catherine is young and immature and doesnt realise that the men are like that. The next instance of Eddies views causing a conflict is when Catherine tells him shes got a job. Straight away Eddie is on the offensive, or what could be called an offensive defence, when he says NO-NO you gonna finish school Catherine tries to calm him down but Eddie continues, You cant take no job. Why didnt you ask me Eddie begins to calm down when he finds out she hasnt accepted the job yet, but becomes strangely nervous and continues to cause conflict with abrupt answers and repudiating any attempt to sway him. This again shows that his views that a man should provide for his family and woman should do what there told causes even more conflict. It is not only Catherine that Eddie causes conflicts with; he can even cause a conflict with Rodolfo when hes not there. This happens when Rodolfo is at the pictures with Catherine and Beatrice makes a comment that Rodolfo is a nice kid Eddie reacts aggressively to this he gives me the heebie-jeebies and starts insulting the way Rodolfo acts and that its not manly he sings on the ships theyre callin him, Canary this is showing that when someone doesnt conform to his views on masculinity he wont hold back in saying so. Throughout A View from the Bridge Rodolfo fails over and over again to conform to Eddies image of masculinity a pivotal moment of this is when he starts to sing paper doll just minutes after arriving. Eddie thinks that your clothes, the way you look, music and seeing sites isnt that important where as this is all Rodolfo seems to spend his money on. This leads to a pivotal and dramatic event in the play when Eddie comes home drunk to find that Catherine and Rodolfo have been in the bedroom together he immediately thinks the worst and tells Rodolfo to get out of his house. Catherine argues with him and then decides that she has to leave as well but Eddie grabs her. Rodolfo reacts angrily to this and flies at Eddie in attack. To this Eddie pins him to the floor and unexpectedly kisses him. Eddie gets up with tears rolling down his face and laughs, mocking Rodolpho. This is a big moment as it is the first time Eddie as acted to back up his displeasure of the way Rodolfo has acted but it evidently hasnt helped his cause of getting Catherine to split up with him and has in fact caused more of a friction between himself and Catherine. Marco, Rodolfos brother, is the complete opposite of Rodolfo and portrays a conventionally masculine appearance. For this reason Eddie is more partial to Marco than Rodolfo and quite often ignores Rodolfo and addresses Marco even when the two of them are together. Arthur Miller uses Marcos manliness as a climatic moment on more than one occasion. For example at the end of Act One Marco and Eddie have a test of strength. One may presume that Eddie would be the one to challenge Marco but on the contrary it is Marco who initiates the challenge as a show of strength, power and masculinity. He does this because Eddie had taught Rodolfo how to box as an excuse to fight him and therefore proof his manliness. Marco does the same thing with the test of strength because after Eddie cant lift the chair Marco doesnt laugh or rub it in his face and just lifts the chair without emotion and then again without emotion looks Eddie in the eye chair raised above his head and gives a defiant warning for Eddie to keep away from his brother. Arthur Miller uses Marcos manliness again to as a climax to the play. The play ends with Marco pressing a knife into Eddies chest and without emotion lets him fall to the ground still clutching the knife that has ended his life. This gives a dramatic end to the play and shows that although Eddie was always critical of others when they werent manly and strong, the fact that he wasnt man enough and strong enough ended his life.

Albert Camus The Stranger Essay -- Stranger

Albert Camus' The Stranger What if the past has no meaning and the only point in time of our life that really matters is that point which is happening at present. To make matters worse, when life is over, the existence is also over; the hope of some sort of salvation from a God is pointless. Albert Camus illustrates this exact view in The Stranger. Camus feels that one exists only in the world physically and therefore the presence or absence of meaning in one's life is alone revealed through that event which he or she is experiencing at a particular moment. These thoughts are presented through Meursault, a man devoid of concern for social conventions found in the world in which he lives, and who finds his life deprived of physical pleasure--which he deems quite important--when unexpectedly put in prison.   The opening line of the novel sets the tone for Meursault's dispassion towards most things. The novel is introduced with the words: "Maman died today. Or yesterday maybe, I don't know" (3). Although the uncertainty originates with an ambiguous telegram, it seems that the tone alone could justify changing the meaning of the words 'I don't know' to 'I don't care.' In a sense, in the days following, he only goes through the motions of the vigil and then the funeral; the only emotion he expresses is joy when his bus takes him home and he is able to sleep. At one point, he looks back at the events of the past few days, realizes that he has to go to work, and notes: "that, really, nothing had changed" (24). Despite these reactions, there is evidence that Meursault did indeed love his mother, observed both in his defensive argument at the 'old people's' home as to why she was put there in the first place and in his recollections... ...has no comprehension of the objects in its existence--as he is unconcerned with the objects in his own life and finds meaning only within himself. Meursault does not care for objects in his world. He does not see the importance of certain words whose definitions attempt to explain human relationships either amongst themselves or their emotions in general. He does not follow 'conventional' social beliefs nor does he believe in God, nor salvation. Meursault however loves his life. It is a pure love derived from enjoying his existence on a day-to-day basis, rarely looking back and never looking forward. His love is not dependent on doing what society or some religion has deemed correct, but on what he feels he wants to do despite what most would consider common. Work Cited Camus, Albert. The Stranger. Trans. Matthew Ward. New York: Vintage International, 1989.

Cancer Essay -- essays research papers

Prostate cancer is cancer of the prostate gland. The prostate is part of the male reproductive system. This gland is locates inside the body at the base of the penis, just below the bladder and in front of the rectum. It is composed of the glandular and fibrous tissue enclosed in a capsule of connective tissue. The prostate is in the shape of a donut and about the size of a walnut. It surrounds the first inch or so of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder. Normal functions of the prostate depend on the presence of the male hormone testosterone, which is produced by the testes. The prostate produces semen, the thick, whitish fluid that carries sperm. Cancer of the prostate has become the number one cancer in American men. In the United States, approximately 1 in every 11 men will develop prostate cancer during his lifetime. Prostate cancer becomes increasingly common with each decade of life. Over 80 percent of all cases are diagnosed in men over 65. The incidence of prostate cancer increased 47 percent from 1973 to 1987, about a 2.6 percent increase each year. It is estimated that 106,00 new cases of prostate cancer were diagnosed in the US during the 1990. Black men in the US have the highest incidence of prostate cancer in the world. Little is known about the cause of prostate cancer, and it is seldom possible to explain why a man has developed this disease. Scientists believe that cancer of the prostate develops over a period of many years as a result...

Heidi Roizen Case Essay

1. Describe Roizen’s network (including her reasons for developing her network) and how she developed it. Roizen’s young adult life shaped the reasons as to why she was going to become independent and self-sufficient. After suffering the tragic loss of her fiancà © she set out to build a career and learned very early on that building connections with high-level people was something she had a talent for and something she ought not to miss out on when given the opportunity. Roizen knew she wanted to be in the technology industry, but with a creative writing degree she had limited options of jobs to choose from. At Tandem computers she wrote the internal newspaper serving as a link between the executives (including the CEO) and the rest of the employees. Roizen immediately realized how to leverage this aspect of her job description and thus began a decade long career of networking. After Tandem Roizen went to get her MBA and then partnered with her brother to launch a company that sold spreadsheet software he developed. T-Maker did not have excessive amounts of capital like some of its competitors, but Roizen knew that with her outgoing personality and her desire to meet (interesting and smart) people she could make the company successful. While marketing T/Maker she made important relationships with people that would end up shaping her career as well as dominating the Silicon Valley technology scene. Roizen was taking a gamble spending so much of her time and energy in developing rapport with these people, but thus far it had proven to be an integral factor in her career development. 2. What are Roizen’s principles of networking and relationships? How would you analyze the strengths and weaknesses of her network as we see it at the end of the case? Because of the amount of time and energy Roizen devotes to networking over time she developed guiding principles to maintain stability. Firstly Heidi claims you must have access to people, which is accomplished over a period  of time. Also held at high regard is maintaining â€Å"performance and consistency during and after each interaction.† Performance involves responsiveness and follow-through in doing what you offered or agreed upon doing. By focusing on performance and consistency Roizen believes that efficiency in maintaining relationships is achieved because interactions of high levels of substance can occur with less frequency. During Roizen’s time at Apple she adopted her next principle, which stressed neutrality and confidentiality in her relationships with competitors. While she did not explicitly state that trust was necessary most people cited in the case seemed to truly trust Roizen and her intentions, which brings us to her last and perhaps most importa nt principle of reciprocity. Roizen values reciprocity in the sense that before calling in a favor she must evaluate if it is a win-win situation for both parties. Heidi has been referred to as a catalyst, market maker, and door opener so before she can do something for someone else she wants to make sure there are mutual benefits to be realized. Heidi is a high-profile industry captain who frankly does not have the time to perform acts of goodwill all day. Her networking is the bulk of her business and her resume. The strengths of her network are that throughout her career and specifically at Softbank her networking landed her the position of partner. Before evaluating the strengths of Roizen’s network one must take the time to recognize that it takes a certain ebullient, patient, conscientious, amicable human being to be able to achieve a network with the wide spectrum of powerful individuals that Roizen began amalgamating at a very young age. The strengths of her network include penetrating the Technology sector and becoming a celebrity of Silicon Valley. Through her network she was able to leverage these relationships to benefit her herself and others along the way. By establishing her guidelines she was able to healthily separate work and her personal life even though an outsiders’ perspective may think theses boundaries are blurred in the case of Roizen’s dinner parties. It is quite apparent that much of Roizen’s success can be attributed to her expertise in the area of networking. She has positively leveraged this unique skill throughout her career to make win-win situations for both herself and the other party involved. Unfortunately networking does come  with some downside. It is overwhelmingly time consuming. As the case mentioned Roizen receives upwards of 100 e-mails a day that she feels obliged to personally answer in order to maintain successful work-related (and sometimes personal) relationships. An acquaintance mentioned the lengthiness of her e-mails decreased over time until the responses were incomplete sentences. This reflects poorly on Roizen because the 2000+ people she networks with all consider her a â€Å"friend† and expect perhaps more than she can provide them with in terms of time and energy devoted to the relationship. Besides the work-related strains this networking seeps into her personal life where she is constantly hosting events at her home, leaving little separation between home and work. Overall the networking doesn’t allow for a balanced work life, which many people claim to be essential in achieving overall happiness and even success. 3. How does she use her network, and what does she achieve through her network? Heidi realized at her first job at Tandem that she had to use her talent of being a people-person to move up in this world. She had a good eye for how to manipulate situations into the interests of her network. Starting with T/Maker she started maximizing all social situations to the benefit of marketing T/Maker. The time she spent developing these relationships during the 1980’s laid out the foundation of her network and consequently her career. Then during Apple’s decline of the 1990’s Roizen was called to the rescue where first the first time she was to formally use her network in the developer community to rebuild a brand. Her success was primarily attributed to her relationships and how she was able to effectively use them to her benefit and in this case in Apple’s benefit. Her work awarded her a promotion to build strategy and eventually to leave and create her own job description as a mentor capitalist. This is Heidi using her network at its finest. Heidi realized what she had built was unique and consequently her network gave her the ability to tailor her job description around her likes and strengths. As an independent and external director she was responsible for recruiting key positions and with her probable one-degree of separation between her and the rest of Silicon Valley she was able to make some impressive matches. It is one thing to have developed the network Heidi has,  but is another to know how to perfectly utilize its full potential and Heidi has done so throughout the course of her career. Moving to the venture capital world allowed Heidi to fulfill an interest in the equity ownership or the â€Å"financial weight† of these start- up companies. With this career change came additional responsibilities that would take away from the time Heidi had previously spent networking. Now it is up to Heidi to re-prioritize and arrange her duties to create a healthy balan ce of completing her venture capitalist duties, while retaining the network she so dutifully built. 4. How would you characterize the â€Å"breadth† and â€Å"depth† (strong or weak ties) of her network? Part of Heidi’s networking phenomenon involves a metaphor of networking as constellations. Heidi can minimize relationship maintenance by staying in more frequent contact with other nuclei of network constellations. Heidi over the years has assumed position of nuclei in her particular networking group and this gives her the ability to â€Å"leverage the network constellation approach† which results in preserving the breadth of her entire network. Her network spans thousands of people who all consider themselves personally acquainted with Heidi. There is not enough time in the day to cater to each individual so Heidi cuts corners by remaining in close contact with the nuclei of all the different networks she is a part of. Heidi also has depth to her network in the sense that she keeps in touch with non-nuclei of other networks. Heidi is most definitely a people person and over the course of her career she has gotten to know people who she likes as individuals because they are interesting and smart (two of her pre-requisites in networking!) That being said the depth of her network may seem to contradict with maintaining the breadth through the constellation approach, but Heidi’s networking is deeply instilled in her so she sees value in her relationships with the nuclei and the random individuals. And thus far her hybrid approach has proven to be successful in all of her career-driven endeavors. 5. What are your suggestions for Roizen to continue to develop and maintain her network? Should she change anything in terms of people, effort, strategies, etc? In order to effectively exploit Heidi’s strengths I would suggest that since she seems to have flexibility in designing her job she could cut down the time she spends reading business plans for a few reasons; she does not enjoy that aspect of venture capital and because she could use that time to network which is a main reason why she was hired. Currently Heidi does not have enough time to evaluate business plans, help companies in early growth stages and to maintain her networking relationships. If Softbank wants to be able to take advantage of Heidi’s rolodex they will have to agree to her requests to be able to keep up her relationships. Fortunately most executives understand how time consuming networking can be and when it is done at Heidi’s level it should be deemed a full time job. I understand Heidi’s reasons for wanting to spend time with the business plans, but by delegating an initial screening process downward in the organization she may find herself with an extra few hours each day to complete time-sensitive networking issues, which would ultimately increase her performance and effectiveness.

Factors Affecting Organizational Behavior Essay

All companies today have internal and external forces that impact organizational behavior. The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of internal and external forces on organizational behavior. The four forces we will discuss are, customer demands relating to Sinclair Oil, economic forces outside of Select Portfolio Servicing, restructuring within Nestle, and globalization factors relating to Northrop Grumman. Customer Demands Customer demands have a large impact on organizational behavior (OB) of the Sinclair Oil Corporation (SOC). SOC owns and operates three oil refineries, a trucking division, a pipeline division, the retail service stations, and eight hotels and resorts. The diverse nature of the company leads to many different customer demands. The oil refineries have two types of customers. The first is the retail service stations. The refineries must produce enough finished product each day to supply the service stations in 17 different states. The second type of customer is the federal government. Over the last eight years SOC has held the contract to provide jet fuel to Hill Air Force base. The average amount of finished product produced at the refineries is 600 hundred thousand barrels a day. This output is usually enough to supply the service stations needs and have some oil to put into reserve. Working conditions within the refinery are inherently dangerous, if production cannot keep up with demands operators often begin to feel additional pressure to keep pace; this distress can lead to additional dangers. There are three different types of hotels and resorts within the SOC/Little America organization. There are roadside properties, which cater to travelers and tourists, the elegant hotels and the ski resorts. Each type of property gears itself and its organizational behavior towards the customer base. The roadside properties, such as Little America Cheyenne, have a more casual approach to the customers; due to the affluent nature at the Grand America the environment is formal. The resorts are highly influenced with a European flair. This help the customers feel a sense of adventure. Economy While customer demands are one of the primary forces on SOC, economic forces greatly impact the OB of Select Portfolio Servicing (SPS). SPS is a mortgage servicing company. The resource group or hardship group is within the loan resolution department. Loan resolution assists borrowers who have fallen delinquent on their mortgage. The resource group assists customers that have hardship, such as, illness, death, loss of employment for extended periods of time, and property damage. When the economy falters the activities of loan resolution are in higher demand. Loan resolution and the resource group profit off the economic hardship of their customers. The purpose of loan resolution is to turn loss into profit for their investors. Loan resolution limits or prevents the loss which the investor experiences when a customer defaults. Loan resolution is paid based off of the percentage of delinquent accounts that they get re-performing, get paid in full, or liquidate for a loss. With the faulty economy there is more a more work that loan resolution must perform. Loan resolution is understaffed and overworked. The influx of high phone call volumes has caused little time for the resource group to complete their administrative duties. Morale is low department wide, largely due to the administration feeling they are performing two jobs daily. Answering phone calls and trying to complete the work the inbound calls generate cannot be completed eight hours a day. While loan resolution’s numbers still satisfy the investors giving them business, the administrative departments, such as, the resource group are becoming stressed and overwhelmed with a never-ending workload. Restructuring Economic factors affect companies like SPS and Nestlà © alike, but Nestle has chosen restructuring as the answer to its dilemma. Nestle is suffering from  the â€Å"big elephant† syndrome. In the old market diversifying and buying up the competition allowed it to survive and prosper, but in the new economy which is consumer driven the â€Å"big elephant† has been asked â€Å"to dance† for the customer. Nestle must rise to the challenge of change or it will be driven into extinction. The strategic decision makers at Nestle are trying to â€Å"trim the fat† on the elephant, and they have turned to organizational behavior to restructure their workforce. Globalization and technology have evened out the playing field for Nestle and its competition. Nestle as well as the competition is able to obtain the same raw materials at the same prices, and technology has allowed each company quick and efficient ways to process information. So, where will Nestle find its sustainable competitive advantage for the future? The innovation and the motivation of its employees will be the source of its sustainable advantage. Nestle needs to find a way of unlocking this source of intellectual capital. The corporate leaders feel restructuring is the key. This restructuring process has changed the organizational behavior of the company from a rigid hierarchical structure to a facilitator driven, empowered employee structure. The organization believes improving speed at the point of execution will make the business more successful, and it is the front line employees that are at the point of execution. To develop empowered employees organizational behavioral changes needed to be made. Monthly training has taken place on subjects like: change, communication, one hundred percent responsibility, situational leadership, and teamwork so far. Layers of supervision have been cut, and reincorporated into the workforce. Supervisors are being groomed as coaches and facilitators, instead micromanaging. Equipment operators are learning mechanical â€Å"first aid† to fix small problems and improve efficiency. A mentoring program has been instituted, so that empowered employees with positive attitudes are the role models for new workers. Globalization Northrop Grumman Corporation (NGC) considers itself a world class leader in  the production of military defense products. Many of these products are created for, and consumed by, customers in the United States, but many are also created and sold to companies and or countries all over the world. The company’s current position has not been easy to reach. Maintaining and growing this position requires constant vigilance in an ever expanding global market place. In fact, global factors in today’s economy have forced the company to make constant internal improvements to remain competitive in the global market. Exportation of intellectual property and gains in technological advances and capabilities of companies in countries abroad have resulted in more foreign competition. The entry of additional competitors in the defense business market has forced companies like NGC to look closely at internal business processes to find ways to gain or maintain a competitive edge. NGC has learned to modify the organizations overall behavior by training individuals in the use of business methods such as LEAN, Six Sigma and Training Within Industry (TWI). The following is a simplified description of what each of these business methods is intended to do. LEAN is specifically used to improve processes, manage inventory and manage movement of product throughout the production phase as well as eliminate practices which don’t add value. Six Sigma is applied as a tool to measure critical processes in a way that insures they stay under control. This is essentially done by setting control limits and then collecting data and analyzing the trends or movement of data as it relates to the control limits. TWI is being employed to ensure that every employee has the proper skill set to function within their specified job requirements. This training process employs a regiment of training that teaches, measures what has been learned, as well as maintains critical training information and/or tricks of the trade. This training method also provides the company with details of each employee’s specific capabilities and certifications. These internal changes have proven themselves invaluable to the company, saving NGC time, money, and valuable recourses as well as assist them in monitoring the company’s daily business. Most of all, changes in NGC’s OBhas been noticed by a number of the company’s customers who have noted the positive impact.

Mia philippines Essay

The Philippines was first put on the map by Portuguese adventurer Magellan working for the Spanish throne on March 16, 1521. The Philippines had become a Spanish colony and was the first country to be named after a sovereign, Phillip II of Spain.1 Spanish rule had continued until 1898 when the Philippines had become an American colony following the Spanish-American War for the stately sum of $20 million. In 1942 during WWII, the Philippines had fallen under Japanese occupation and was liberated by American and Filipino forces under the leadership of General Douglas MacArthur in a fiercely contested battle that raged on between 1944 and 1945. The Philippines had attained its independence on July 4, 1946, and had a functioning democratic system. 2 The Philippines Archipelago consisted of 7,100 islands, covering an area of 299,735 square kilometers and was slightly larger than Arizona. The capital city of Manila was situated on the largest Philippine island of Luzon (see Exhibit 1). The Philippines had a gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of $3,400.3 The percentage of the population of the Philippines living below US$2 a day was 45.2 per cent in 2006.4 PHILIPPINE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT Research conducted in 2009 showed that the Philippines was ranked 140th for ease of doing business and 155th for starting a business, out of a total of 178 countries. It took on average 15 procedures and a total of 52 days to complete business startup procedures in the Philippines compared to six procedures and 44.2 days and 5.8 procedures and 13.4 days for the same process in Asia and Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, respectively.5 The Philippines had the second lowest savings and investment as share of GDP ratio in Asia6 (see Exhibit 2). PHILIPPINE FISHING INDUSTRY The Philippines has total territorial waters of 2.2 million square kilometers, of which coastal waters comprise 266,000 square kilometers and coastal reef area (10 to 20 fathoms deep, where reef fishing takes place) comprise 27,000 square kilometers.7 In 2003, the Philippines ranked eighth among the top fish-producing countries in the world with its total production of 3.62 million metric tons of fish, crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic plants (including seaweed). The production constituted 2.5 per cent of the total world production of 146.27 million metric tons.8 The fishing industry’s contribution to the country’s GDP was 2.3 per cent and 4.2 per cent, at current and constant prices, respectively. The industry employed a total of 1,614,368 fishing operators nationwide,9 of which the artisanal fisheries sector accounted for 1,371,676.10 Artisanal fishing operations were typically family-based and used smaller craft. There were a total of 469,807 fishing boats in the Philippines, of which 292,180 were non-motorized and 177,627 were motorized.11 Fish was not only an important source of nutrition, but as fishing did not require landownership or special permits it was an employment of last resort for people who had no other means of subsistence. MIA, DENMARK MIA was established in Denmark in 1975 by wealthy businessman Hagen Nordstrom, who dedicated the NGO to his wife Mia and made fighting poverty his life’s work. (MIA stood for â€Å"beloved† in Danish.) MIA had initially focused solely on poverty-alleviating projects in Africa and had expanded its operations to Latin America and the Caribbean only in the early 1990s. The grandson of Nordstrom, Gillis Nordstrom, had taken over as MIA chairman in 2004 on the eve of the Bander Aceh Tsunami of December 26, 2004, which devastated Southeast Asia and killed as many as 130,000 people.12 Nordstrom had taken initiative and redirected MIA to focus on disaster recovery and poverty alleviation projects in Southeast Asia. MIA had established an office in Manila in January 2006, and the young Danish development economist Borje Petersen was hired to manage the MIA Philippines office. Petersen was paid a starting salary of $75,000 a year plus housing, slightly below average for a comparable development economist position. Petersen knew that MIA’s attention was focused on Indonesia and Malaysia, which had been the hardest hit by the tsunami, and was anxious to carve out a position for MIA Philippines by designing an exceptional project. As the expansion into Asia was the pet project of MIA’s chairman, Petersen felt assured that funding would be easily appropriated and even expedited. Petersen knew that the average overseas posting for a development economist for MIA was two years and had quickly established contact with local and international stakeholders and set up numerous meetings with large development project counterparts such as the Asian Development Bank, the World Bank and the German development aid organization GFZ to get an expedited understanding of the Philippines and its unique needs. Based on the initial research, Petersen had decided that, whereas an agricultural project would be feasible, it would take a long time to realize and the outcome could be complicated given the Philippines’ proneness to be hit by typhoons. Petersen’s research had revealed that small-scale aquaculture projects had been successfully implemented in the Philippines in the past. However, there were hardly any projects to speak of directed at artisanal fishing and picking up on the vested opportunity and his desire to deliver fast results and prove himself worthy of the task that MIA and its chairman demanded, he had chosen to design a project helping artisanal fishermen. Petersen had researched the possibility of helping a fishing village close to Manila and the search for the ideal village had come to a successful ending when MIA’s driver, Vicente Tubo, had mentioned how some of his distant cousins fished for a living in a fishing village seven to nine hours by car from Manila. A factfinding mission to the village Barangay San Hagon was undertaken and the village was thus chosen as the beneficiary of MIA’s pilot project in the Philippines. BARANGAY SAN HAGON Barangay San Hagon boasted 125 households and had a resident population of 625. San Hagon lay on the south coast of Luzon, the largest island of the Philippines. The Barangay was the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and stemmed from the Spanish â€Å"Barrio.†13 Barangay San Hagon was administered by a local government unit (LGU) and consisted of seven Barangay council members and a chairman. The chairman of Barangay San Hagon was Rafael Buenaventura, age 59, who had held office for more than a decade. Fishing villages in the Philippines were very vulnerable to external risk, especially natural calamities such as typhoons, flooding and fish kills, which severely affected their financial situation.